VIRSEC, who have developed the course Lithium-Ion Battery Safety on Ships for Seafarers in partnership with Mariner House, provide advice to avert more accidents related to electric vehicle transportation.
Imagine a cargo ship carrying hundreds of electric vehicles suddenly engulfed in flames due to a single battery malfunction. As the flames spread, the crew faces a battle against an unseen enemy—thermal runaway. In the world of maritime logistics, fire is the largest cause of loss, according to Allianz Commercial. The implications of fire aboard a ship are profound, leading to significant financial costs, operational disruptions, and environmental damage. As the shipping industry embraces the growth of transporting electric vehicles (EVs) at an unprecedented rate, the risks associated with fire are increasing in complexity and severity. Raising awareness and providing specialised training is essential for safeguarding lives, assets, and the environment.
The EV boom: a new layer of risk
As the world transitions to a greener future, the surge in the number of EVs being shipped across oceans is connecting manufacturers with international markets. While this is a positive step for sustainability, it presents new challenges for the shipping industry, particularly concerning fire risk.
Electric vehicles, powered by lithium-ion batteries, are known for their energy density and efficiency. However, they also present unique hazards when transported in large volumes. Lithium-ion batteries can overheat, especially when damaged or exposed to extreme conditions, leading to a phenomenon known as thermal runaway. This can result in difficulty extinguishing the fire, and it spreads quickly, posing significant challenges for traditional firefighting methods used aboard ships.
EVs are often packed closely together in confined cargo spaces, further heightening the risk. If even a single vehicle’s battery malfunctions or sustains damage during transport, the chain reaction can be catastrophic. Unfortunately, the maritime industry has already witnessed several high-profile incidents involving fires linked to EV shipments. These incidents not only result in direct losses but also cause operational delays, increased insurance premiums, and potential damage to a company’s reputation.
Key takeaways on lithium-ion battery risks
Lithium-ion batteries can overheat and cause thermal runaway.
Traditional firefighting methods may be ineffective against these fires.
High-profile incidents have already impacted the maritime industry.
Essential training for maritime professionals
Traditional fire safety protocols may need to be revised to deal with the unique dangers posed by lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, the industry needs to invest in specialised training for crews, logistics personnel, and port operators to ensure they are equipped to handle the complexities of transporting EVs safely.
Understanding lithium-ion batteries and fires: Personnel in the shipping industry must understand the unique characteristics of lithium-ion battery fires. Unlike conventional fires, they require specialised firefighting techniques and equipment. Crews need to be trained to detect early signs of battery overheating and respond swiftly.
Cargo handling best practices: Training should emphasise the importance of proper cargo handling. Ensuring that EVs are securely stowed, without risk of impact or exposure to high temperatures, can help minimise the chances of battery damage during transport. This is critical to preventing fires from starting in the first place.
Enhancing fire suppression systems: Ships transporting EVs should have advanced fire detection and suppression systems tailored to lithium-ion battery fires. These systems must be capable of detecting the presence of a fire early and containing and suppressing it before it can spread to other areas of the vessel.
Emergency response drills: Regular fire drills that simulate lithium-ion battery fires should be conducted aboard ships transporting EVs. These drills can help crews practice their response under realistic conditions, ensuring they are prepared to act quickly and efficiently in the event of a real emergency.
Key takeaways on training needs
Specialised training is crucial for understanding lithium-ion battery risks.
Proper cargo handling can prevent potential battery damage.
Advanced fire suppression systems are essential for safety.
Regular emergency drills prepare crews for real-life scenarios.
The cost of inaction
The cost of inaction is inevitably high. Without industry-wide awareness, training, and adaptation, fire incidents involving EVs will continue to rise, driving up the costs associated with fire losses. In an era where sustainability is shaping the future of transportation, the shipping industry must ensure that its safety standards evolve in tandem with the cargo it carries.
Ignoring these risks will lead to devastating consequences for lives, assets, and the environment. Without industry-wide awareness, training, and adaptation, fire incidents involving EVs will continue to rise—driving up costs associated with fire losses. In an era where sustainability shapes transportation’s future, the shipping industry must ensure that its safety standards evolve alongside its cargo.
Broader implications
Investing in enhanced safety protocols protects lives and aligns with global sustainability goals. The shipping industry can demonstrate its commitment to a safer and more sustainable future by prioritising safety training and awareness around lithium-ion battery risks.
Specific awareness and targeted training around lithium-ion battery safety are paramount.
